SHUBUHOHIN SHI’A A KAN
FADIN MANZON ALLAH (SAW),
“MATSAYIN SAYYADINA ALI A
WURINA, KAMAR MATSAYIN
ANNABI HARUNA NE, A WURIN
ANNABI MUSA”.
Shubuha ta goma da `Yan Shi’a
mai limamai goma sha biyu suke
yadawa ita ce: Hadisin da Manzon
Allah (S.A.W) yake cewa da
Sayyadina Ali (R.A). “Kai a guri na
kamar matsayin Annabi Haruna ne
a gurin Annabi Musa (A.S), sai dai
ni babu Annabta a bayana.”
Sai `Yan Shi’a su ce, wannan
Hadisi yana nuni da cewa lallai
Sayyadina Ali (R.A) shi ne kadai
Halifan Manzon Allah (S.A.W) a
bayansa.
Jawabi a kan wannan shubuha shi
ne ta fuskoki kamar haka: –
1) Wannan Hadisi duk da cewa ya
inganta, amma baya goyon bayan
akidun Shi’a. Kamar akidarsu ta
cewa Sayyadina Aliyu (R.A) da
ragowar limamansu Ma’asumai ne
basa kuskure, da kuma cewa babu
mai Halifantar Manzon Allah
(S.A.W), sai limamansu.
Dalili kuwa shi ne fadin Manzon
Allah (S.A.W) cewa “Babu Annabi
baya na” yana yin martani ga `Yan
Shi’a da suke cewa Sayyadina Ali
(R.A) da limamansu Ma’asumai ne,
kamar yadda yake yin martani a
kan da’awar ‘Yan Shi’a cewa an
yiwa Nana Fadima (R.A) da
limamansu waha yi bayan wafatin
Manzon Allah (S.A.W).
Saboda a ka’idar musulunci babu
wani ma’asumi in banda
Annabawa, kamar yadda babu
wanda ake yiwa waha yi na shari’a
sai Annabawa. Da wadannan siffofi
ne wato wahayi da isma,
Annabawa suka bambanta da
sauran mutane kamar yadda
Alkur’ani ya tabbatar.
Don haka duk wanda aka ce masa
ma’asumi ko aka ce an yi masa
wahayi na shari’a to an ce da shi
Annabi.
2) Wannan Hadisin ya yi magana
ne kawai a kan Sayyadina Ali (R.A)
.
Tambaya ga ‘Yan Shi’a a nan ita
ce ta ina ragowar limaman Shi’a
suka shiga karkashin wannan
Hadisin?
Idan `Yan Shi’a suka ce ragowar
limaman Shi’a, sun shiga
karkashin wannan Hadisin ne
saboda wasu dalilai na daban. Sai
mu ce wannan ya nuna kenan,
Hadisin bai kebanta ga Sayyadina
Ali (R.A) ba shi kadai, bari dai za’a
iya samun wasu daban su shiga
karkashin ma’anar Hadisin idan
aka samu wani dalili dake tabbatar
da hakan. Wannan kuwa shi ne
fuska ta uku da zamu kawo.
3) Manzon Allah (S.A.W) bai ce
Sayyadina Ali (R.A) ne Halifa a
baya na ba.
Abin dake nuni da haka shi ne
Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya kasance
yana sanya wani daga cikin
Sahabbansa a matsayin Halifa duk
sanda zai yiwata tafiya.
Misali a nan shi ne Manzon Allah
(S.A.W) ya sanya Halifa a Madina
lokacin fitarsa izuwa Hajjin ban
kwana. Wasu Malaman suka ce,
Abu-Dujana Assa’idiy (R.A)
Manzon Allah (S.A.W.) ya
Halifantar a Madina, wasu kuma
suka ce, Siba’u dan Urfudata (R.A)
ne.
Koma dai ya ya lamarin yake,
Manzon Allah (S.A.W) bai sake
sanya Sayyadina Ali (R.A) a
matsayin Halifa ba, tun bayan da
ya sanya shi a matsayin halifa
lokacin fitarsa izuwa yakin Tabuka.
Wannan sai yake nuni da cewa,
wannan Hadisin yana da alaka ne
da lokacin yakin Tabuka kawai.
1) Wannan Hadisi yana da alaka
ne kawai da iyaka lokacin da
Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya fita yakin
Tabuka, sai ya bar Sayyadina Ali
(R.A) ya kula da Madina da
ragowar iyalinsa. Saboda haka
bayan ya dawo daga Tabuka bai
sake sanya Sayyadina Ali (R.A) a
matsayin Halifansa ba.
5) Akwai dalilin da yasa Manzon
Allah (S.A.W) ya fadawa
Sayyadina Ali (R.A) wannan
maganar.
Dalilin kuwa shi ne lokacin da
Manzon Allah (S.A.W.) da dukkan
Sahabbai suka fita yakin Tabuka,
Madina ta dade babu kowa daga
mata da yara sai tsofaffi da marasa
lafiya wadanda ba zasu iya fita yaki
ba. Hakan yasa munafukan da
suke Madina suka fara sukan
Sayyadina Ali (R.A), suna cewa: –
“Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya barshi a
Madina ne saboda daman ya zame
masa kaya”
Wannan yasa Sayyadina Ali (R.A)
ya shiga cikin damuwa. Saboda
haka sai ya shirya ya fita har ya
riski Manzon Allah (S.A.W) sannan
ya ce, “Ya Rasulullahi yanzu ka fita
ka barni a Madina cikin mata da
yara ga kuma abin da wasu
mutane suke fada cewa, wai ka
barni a Madina ne don na zame
maka karfen kafa”.
Sai Manzon Allah (S.A.W) yake
kwantar masa da hankali ta hanyar
fada masa cewa “Ba ka yarda ka
zamo tamkar matsayin Annabi
Haruna a guri na ba”.
Ya fadi haka ne don ya nunawa
Sayyadina Ali (R.A), cewa ba
kyama ce ta sa ya barshi a Madina
ba.
Domin Annabi Musa (A.S) ya taba
barin Annabi Haruna (A.S) ya kula
da Bani Isra’ila lokacin tafiyarsa
izuwa ganawa da Allah.
Idan da kuwa yin hakan wani aibi
ne, da Annabi Musa (A.S) bai bar
Annabi Haruna (A.S) ba a
matsayin halifansa ba.
Don haka kai ma ba wani aibi ne
yasa na barka a Madina ba, sai
don ka kula da Madina da iyalaina.
6) Malaman ilimin Usul suna cewa:
duk sanda wani hukunci ya zo da
sababi, to wannan hukuncin ba ya
takaituwa a kan wannan hukuncin.
Misali a kan haka shi ne lokacin da
Sahabbai suka la’anci wani masha
yin giya, sai Manzon Allah (SAW)
ya tsawatar musu da cewa “Kada
ku taimaki shaidan wajen halakar
da dan uwanku. Ba ku san cewa
wannan mutumin yana son Allah
da Annabi ba.”
Wannan maganar bata nuna cewa
wannan mutumin, ya fi kowa son
Allah da Annabi. Ko kuma shi
kadai yake son Allah da Annabi.
Domin hukunci ne da Manzon
Allah (SAW) ya fade shi saboda
wani sababi.
Haka ma hukuncin yake a nan, da
Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya ce, da
Sayyadina Aliyu (R.A), “Ba ka
yarda matsayi na da kai ya zamo
tamkar matsayin Annabi Musa da
Haruna (A.S) ba?”
Wannan maganar ba ta nuna cewa
Sayyadina Ali (R.A) ne kadai
Halifan Manzon Allah (S.A.W).
Domin hukunci ne da Manzon
Allah (SAW) ya fade shi saboda
wani sababi.
7) Alakar dake tsakanin Manzon
Allah (S.A.W) da Sayyadina Ali
(R.A), ta sha bam-bam da alakar
dake tsakanin Annabi Musa (A.S)
da Annabi Haruna (A.S) ta fuskoki
kamar haka: –
Na daya: – Annabi Musa (A.S) da
Annabi Haruna (A.S) mahaifansu
daya. Sabanin Manzon Allah
(S.A.W) da Sayyadina Ali (R.A) da
suke dan wa da dan kani.
Na biyu: – Allah (S.W.T). Annabi
Musa (A.S) da Annabi Haruna
(A.S) Annabawan Allah ne.
Sayyadina Ali (R.A) kuwa ba
Annabi ba ne.
Na uku: – Allah Ya bawa Annabi
Musa (A.S) da Annabi Haruna
(A.S) littattafi. Sabanin Manzon
Allah (S.A.W) da shi kadai Allah ya
bawa littafi.
Na hudu: – Annabi Haruna (A.S) ya
riga Annabi Musa (A.S) rasuwa.
Sabanin Manzon Allah (S.A.W) da
ya riga Sayyadina Ali (R.A)
rasuwa.
Na biyar: – Annabi Haruna (A.S) ya
fi Annabi Musa (A.S) fasahar
Magana. Sabanin Manzon Allah
(S.A.W) da ya fi kowa fasaha.
Na shida: – Allah ya tura Annabi
Musa (A.S) da Annabi Haruna
(A.S) ne kawai zuwa ga Fir’auna
da Bani Isra’ila. Sakon Manzon
Allah (S.A.W) kuwa na duniya ne
baki daya.
Na bakwai: – Annabi Musa (A.S).
ba ya Halifantar da kowa sai
Annabi Haruna (A.S).
Manzon Allah (S.A.W) kuwa yana
Halifantar da mutane, a lokuta
daban-daban.
Na Takwas: – Annabi Musa (AS)
bai taba shugabantar da wani, a
kan Annabi Haruna ba. Manzon
Allah (SAW) kuwa ya shugabantar
da Sayyadina Abubakar (RA) a kan
Sayyadina Ali (RA). Kamar a
lokacin aikin Hajji da Sallah.
Na tara: – Wanda ya halifanci
Annabi Musa (A.S) wato Yusha’u
dan Nun, ba su da alakar jini ta
kusa tsakaninsu, kamar irin alakar
dake tsakanin Manzon Allah
(S.A.W) da Sayyadina Ali (R.A).
Idan `Yan Shi’a, suka ce, cikin
wadanda Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya
taba sawa Halifofinsa babu wanda
Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya taba
gayawa irin wannan maganar da
ya fadawa Sayyadina Ali (R.A).
Sai mu ce, babu wanda wani
wanda sababin fadar maganar ya
faru a kansa. Shi yasa Manzon
Allah (S.A.W) bai fada masa irin
wannan maganar ba.
Na goma: – Sakon da Manzon
Allah (S.A.W) ya zo da shi cikakke
ne kuma kammalalle, ba ya
bukatar wani wanda zai zo
bayansa ya yi kari ko ragi a
cikinsa. Abin da kawai sakon yake
bukata shi ne masu isar da shi.
Godiya ta tabbata ga Allah (S.W.T),
don kuwa Sahabban Manzon Allah
(S.A.W) sun isar da dukkan sakon
da suka karba daga gurinsa.
Sabanin sakon Annabi Musa (A.S)
da Annabawa da yawa suka yi kari
da ragi cikin abin da ya zo da shi.
Misali a nan shi ne: – Annabi Isa
(A.S) ya zo da wasu sababbin
hukunce-hukunce da babu su a
cikin Attaura ya kuma zo da wata
shari’a da ta shafe wasu hukunce-
hukuncen dake cikinta.
8) Manzon Allah ya kamanta
Sayyadina Abubakar (R.A) da
Annabi Ibrahim (A.S) da Annabi Isa
(A.S), kamar yadda ya kamanta
Sayyadina Umar (R.A) da Annabi
Nuhu (A.S) da Annabi Musa (A.S)
.Wadannan Annabawan kuwa sun
fi Annabi Haruna daraja a haduwar
malamai.
Duk da cewa wannan Hadisin mai
rauni ne, amma mun kawo shi ne
don a fahimci cewa kamanta wani
da wani baya ba su hukunci iri
daya ta kowace fuska kamar yadda
malaman Balaga suka tabbatar a
babin Tashbihi.
Banda wannan ma, Hadisi ya
tabbata daga Manzon Allah
(S.A.W) cewa “Da akwai Annabi
baya na, da Sayyadina Umar (R.A)
ne”
9) Akwai bambanci tsakanin
Halifantar mutum yana raye da
Halifantarsa bayan rasuwarsa.
Domin Halifantar mutum yana raye
kamar wakilci ne, Sabanin
Halifantarsa bayan ya rasu.
Shi yasa malamai suke cewa bai
zama wajibi ga Annabawa ba su
ayyana wanda zai halifancesu, a
bayansu. Sabanin su sanya Halifa
da zai kula da wani lamari idan
suna raye.
Daga dalililan da malamai suke
kafa hujja da shi akwai fadin
Annabi Isa (A.S) yana mai bawa
Ubangiji amsa “Hakika na kasance
mai sheda a kansu sanda ina raye
a cikinsu amma bayan ka dauki
raina kai ne ka kasance mai
kulawa da su” .
Abin lura a nan shi ne Annabi Isa
(A.S) bai ce “Bayan ka dauki raina
akwai halifana da na sanya a
cikinsu” ba. Sai wannan yake nuna
cewa Annabi Isa (A.S) bai sanya
wanda zai halifance shi a bayansa
ba. Da kuwa yin hakan wajibi ne,
da ya sanya wanda zai halifance
shi.
Shi yasa Hadisi ya tabbata cewa
Manzon Allah (S.A.W), zai gayawa
Ubangiji (SWT) irin wannan
maganar ranar Alkiyama.
10) Ahlu Al-Sunna ba sa inkarin
falalar Sayyadina Ali (R.A) da
cancantarsa da halifanci, abin da
Ahlu Al-Sunna suke inkari shi ne ,
akidar `Yan Shi’a mai limamai
goma sha biyu, dake kebance
Sayyadina Ali (R.A) da limamansu
a matsayin Halifofin Manzon Allah
(S.A.W).