BAMBANCIN DA KE TSAKANIN
SHUGABANNIN MAZHABOBI WAJEN
HANYOYIN DA SUKE DOGARO DA
SU
Daga: Dr. Taha Jabir Alwani
(Cikin Littafin Adabul Ikhtilaf Fil
Islam)
Mazhabobin fiqihu, da suka
bayyana bayan zamanin Sahabbai,
da Tabi’ai kamar yadda wadansu
suke gani, su goma sha uku ne,
kuma gaba dayan ma’abota
wadannan mazhabobi, ana
dangana su ne ga mazhabar
Ahlus-Sunnah wadda ita ce
mazhabar da mafi yawan Musulmi
suke bi. Sai dai daga wadannan
mazhabobi babu wadanda suka
sami gatan a adana su a rubuce,
sai fiqihun guda takwas ko tara
daga wadannan shugabanni. Haka
kuma an sami rata cikin yawan
abin da aka rubuta daga fiqihun
nasu, sai ya zamana wadansu na
rubuta fiqihunsu gaba daya,
wadansu kuma aka taqaita a kan
wani bangare na fiqihun nasu, to
daga abin da aka rubuta na fiqihun
kowane bangare daga wadannan,
aka fahimci mazhabobinsu, daga
hanyoyin da suke bi wajen fahimtar
Shari’ar Musulunci.
Ga jerin shugabannin mazhabobi
nan kamar haka:
1. Al-Imamu Abu Sa’id Ibn Yasir
Al-basari.
2. Al-Imamu Abu Hanifa An-
Nu’umanu Ibn Sabit Ibn Zaidi.
3. Al-Imamu Auza’iy Abu Amru
Abdurrahman Ibn Amru Ibn
Muhammad.
4. Al-Imamu Sufyan Ibn Sa’id Ibn
Masruq As-Sauriy.
5. Al-Imamu Laisu Ibn Sa’ad.
6. Al-Imamu Malik Ibn Anas Al-
Asbahani.
7. Al-Imamu Sufyan Ibn Uyaynah.
8. Al-Imamu Muhammad Ibn Idris
As-Shafi’iy.
9. Al-Imamu Ahmad Ibn
Muhammad Ibn Hambal.
Akwai kuma Imamu Dawud Ibn Ali
Al-Ashahaniy Al-Baghdadiy wanda
aka fi sani da laqabin “Zahiri”,
wanda yake dangantuwa ne ga riqo
da zahirin nassin Qur’ani da
Hadisi.
Banda wadannan da aka ambata,
akwai wadansu shugabannin
mazhabobi masu yawa, kamar su
Ishaqu Ibn Rahuyah, da Abus
Sauru Ibrahim Ibn Khalid Al-kalbi.
Akwai kuma wadansu shugabanni
wadanda ba su sami mabiya da
yawa ba, kuma mazhabobinsu ba
su yadu ba ko kuma ya zamana an
dauke su a matsayin masu koyi da
mazhabobin da suka shahara.
Wadanda kuwa mazhabobinsu
suka sami kyakkyawar kafuwa suka
wanzu har ya zuwa wannan lokaci
da muke ciki, kuma yanzu suna da
mabiya masu yawa a dukkan
qasashen Musulmi, wadanda kuma
fiqihunsu da ginshiqansu su ne
turken fahimtar addini da bayar da
fatawa a wajen mafi yawan
malamai, su ne shugabannin
mazhabobi su hudu, wato: Abu
Hanifa da Malik da Shafi’i da
Ahmad Ibn Hanbal.