BAMBANCIN DA KE TSAKANIN
SHUGABANNIN MAZHABOBI WAJEN
HANYOYIN DA SUKE DOGARO DA
SU (2)
Daga: Dr. Taha Jabir Alwani
(Cikin Littafin Adabul Ikhtilaf Fil
Islam)
Ana daukar shugabannin
mazhabobi uku, Malik da Shafi’i da
Ahmad a matsayin masana Hadisi
da maganganun Sahabbai, kuma
su ne wadanda suka karanci
fiqihun mutanen Madina, suka riqe
iliminsu. Shi kuwa Imam Abu
Hanifa magajin fiqihun ma’abota
ra’ayi ne, kuma shugaban
makarantarsu a zamaninsa.
Haka kuma savanin da ya kasance
tsakanin makarantar “Sa’idu Ibnul
Musayyib” wanda ta ginu a kan
fiqihun Sahabbai, da Hadisan da
aka dangana musu, kuma
Malikawa da Shafi’awa da
Hanbalawa suka tafi a kan tsarinta,
da makarantar “Ibrahim
Annakha’iy” wanda ta dogara a kan
aiwatar da ra’ayi a halin da aka
rasa Hasidi. Ya zama babu
makawa irin wannan sabani ya ciru
zuwa ga dukkan wanda ya yi riqo
da daya daga hanyoyin makarantu
guda biyu, wajen tabbatar da
hukunce-hukuncen shari’a. Kuma
babu wanda yake musa cewa
wannan sabani ya dakushe
matuqa, a daidai wannan mataki.
Domin bayan halifanci ya bar
hannun Umamiyawa, ya koma
hannun Abbasawa, Abbasawa sun
dauko wadansu daga manyan
malaman Hijaz zuwa Iraqi, don
yada Sunnah a can. Daga cikin
wadanan malamai akwai Rabi’atu
Ibn Abi-Abdurrahman, da Yahaya
Bin Sa’id da Hisham Ibn Urwah da
Muhammad Ibn Ishaq, da
sauransu, kamar yadda wasu daga
Iraqawa suka tashi zuwa Madina,
suka yi karatu a wajen malamanta,
kamar su Abu Yusuf Yaqub Ibn
Ibrahim da Muhammad Ibnu
Hassan wadanda suka yi karatu a
wajen Maliku, kamar yadda da
yawa daga ra’ayoyin Iraqawa da
ire-iren tunaninsu suka ciru zuwa
Hijaz, haka ma tunanin Hijazawa
ya tashi zuwa Iraq. Amma duk da
haka sai mu tarar da shugabannin
mazhabobi uku, wato Malik da
Shafi’i da Ahmad, suna gina tsarin
tabbatar da hukunci kusan iri daya
a tsakaninsu, ko da kuwa sun sava
a cikin wani tsari na fitar da
hukunci da hanyoyinsa, a yayin da
Imamu Abu Hanifa ya sha bamban
da su cikin tsarinsa.